This activity focuses on the physiological processes that occur in obesity and cause fundamental changes in neurocircuitry that impact mental and physical health, sleep, aging, and the experience of pain. Participants will examine the cycle of obesity and how bias, stigma, discrimination, and adverse childhood experiences (ACEs) negatively contribute to these mental and physical effects.

This activity will provide an overview of geriatric and frailty assessment tools that can assist in guiding cancer- and transplant-related decision making through the risk stratification of older individuals before therapy is initiated. Data surrounding the relationship among increased age, geriatric- and frailty-assessment results, and disease outcomes will also be explored. Key considerations in how to best incorporate these sometimes time-intensive assessments into practice will be outlined, along with discussion of how interprofessional collaboration among members of the health care team in the creation of care plans can facilitate quality care.

This activity will examine risk factors for glaucoma that will assist health care professionals (HCPs) in the early identification of this condition in general primary eye care practice. Individual risk factors will be discussed, and pertinent literature will be reviewed to provide insight into how certain factors in combination, such as Krukenberg spindles, homogeneous trabecular meshwork pigmentation and iris transillumination defects can indicate an increased risk and alert HCPs to the presence of this disorder. A new tool will be introduced to help recommend when specific glaucoma testing is indicated.

Ocular Anterior Surface Disease or dry eye syndrome affects nearly 16 million Americans and can be a common and chronic problem for adults, especially for those of advanced age, causing symptoms that interfere with eye comfort, function and quality of life. Competent evaluation to determine the etiology of dry eye syndrome is necessary for successful symptom management as therapeutic regimens must be specific to the underlying causes to be effective. This activity will examine the multiple parts of eye anatomy, the dysfunction of which may contribute to dry eye syndrome, including the tear film, ocular anterior surface and Meibomian gland, and identify complications that can result when dry eye is left untreated. Importantly, a thorough review of optimal treatment regimens will be provided, as well as updates on newer and emerging targeted treatments, with a focus on providing relief and preventing further damage to the eye.