This activity will review the role of optometrists in the areas of prevention, co-management and rehabilitation for individuals with diabetes. It will focus on how to conduct a diabetes risk assessment, ongoing care of individuals with known diabetes and collaboration among members of the interprofessional health care team for optimal outcomes. Key strategies for vision rehabilitation will also be addressed.

Research suggests that high comorbidity exists between eating disorders (EDs) and PTSD. In fact, some studies report that up to 90% of individuals suffering from EDs have experienced at least one traumatic event in their lifetime. Those who enter ED treatment with co-occurring PTSD tend to exhibit more severe eating disorder pathology, poorer treatment outcomes, and higher relapse rates compared to those without PTSD. Historically, evidence-based treatment models for EDs have primarily focused on addressing ED symptoms and behaviors, often overlooking co-occurring psychological conditions such as PTSD. However, in recent years, there has been growing recognition within the field of eating disorder treatment of the limitations of this approach. As a result, there is increasing emphasis on integrating evidence- based PTSD treatments into ED treatment to better support individuals with this dual diagnosis. This activity will explore the intersection of EDs and trauma, examine what current research reveals about their co-occurrence and discuss strategies for effectively addressing this complex comorbidity within treatment settings.

This activity will examine the multiple parts of eye anatomy, the dysfunction of which may contribute to dry eye syndrome, including the tear film, ocular anterior surface and Meibomian gland, and identify complications that can result when dry eye is left untreated. Importantly, a thorough review of optimal treatment regimens will be provided, as well as updates on newer and emerging targeted treatments, with a focus on providing relief and preventing further damage to the eye.

This activity will cover the latest research on migraines, including neuroelectric networks, the role of calcitonin gene-related peptide (CGRP) and other neuropeptides, and the underlying mechanisms of migraines.